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@uiten tstrs stwt @Hire ROBERT HENEAGD AND Ft. W. BREED, Or BUFFALO, NewYORK.

Letters Patent No. 78,206, dated May 26, 1868.

RAILROAD-GAB. VENTILATORS.

TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

` Be it known that we, ROBERT Hnwnnen and F. W. BREED, of the city ofBuffalo, in the countyof Erie, and State of New York, 'have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in- Method of Ventilating Railroad-I Coaches; and .we do hereby declare that the following is arfull andexact description thereof, reference being had to the'aecompanyingrdrawings, making part of this specification, in which-'-Figure I is a side elevation of a locomotive-tender and one coachprovided with our improvements. Figure II is a plan of the smoke-stackand the funnel induction-'endet theair-tnbe. l.ligure III is anenlargediand partially (sectional view of the pipe-coupling between thecars. Figure IV is `a view of one of the ends or contiguous faces of thesaid coupling. l Figure V is an enlarged vertical section of thewind-wheel and suction-screw, for withdrawing the vitiated air.A FiguresVI and VII arevhorizontal sections, made respectively on lines :n a: andy yin Fig. V. v Our invention consistsl p First, in the arrangement,along the top of the cars, of an air-pipe, withl two funnelinduction-'mouths-at the front of the locomotive, `on each side of thesmoke-stack, when the said pipe is provided withnI flexible couplingbetween the cars, and with branch-pipes descending and opening oneachrside into the car, where they are provided with stop-eocks orregisters, within convenient reach of the passengers, for regulating theingress of the air. p A

Second, thecoupling for thevsaid air-pipe, when constructed, ashereinafter described, so that each halfvof 'the-same can be usedindiiferently as a. male or female, as may be required.

" .Third,`the construction and arrangement of a device for exhaustingthe vitiated air from the car, com

V'posed of a wind-wheel, operating a suction-screw,` and a; register forcontrolling the'exhaust produced thereby.

Fourth, the combination of the last device with the aforesaidarrangement for supplying fresh air, when the whole is employed inVentilating railroad-cars, as will hereafter be fully set forth.

Fifth, the arrangement of a valve or stop-cock in the air-pipe at eachend, for closing the same when the our forms the last one of the train.

In the drawings, A B C represent a. locomotive, tender, and a coach of arailroad-train; D, an air-pipe, arranged on top of the cars, being.divided at the front end into two branches, Dl D,passing on each side ofthe smokestack, and provided with funnel-shaped mouths, D? D2, forreceiving and concentrating the air, which, in connection with thevelocity of thertrain, causes a strong draught through the pipe. D3 isaiexible portion of the pipe between the cars'7 which is provided with a.coupling, E, of the peculiar construct-ion hereafter described. Overeach coach to he supplied with air from the pipe D extend l.transverselysmall branch-pipes d d, on each side, which pass intoA and descend thesides ofthe cars to a suitable distance, for 'discharging the airintothe car, stop-cocks or registers, d', being arranged at theirextremities, by which the ingress of the air can be con venientlyregulated by the passengers. The pipe D, at each end of the coaches, isprovided with a check or other valve, -a, so that the rear end of thepipe ofthe last coachof the train can be closed, so as to prevent the'escape of air at that point, and thereby compel' the air to descend thebranch-pipes d. I

Thecoupling E is required to be so constructed 'that both halvesV may beused indiierently as a. male or female; or, in other words, -the coachesare required to be so constructed that either end of'eaoh can beconnected with either end of any other-car, and, consequently, thehalves of the coupling for the pipe must possess the same adaptabilityof engagement. For this purpose, we construct cach half of the couplingwith a. faceplate, e, provided with ears, e1 el, on opposite sides, fromwhich extend, parallel with the pipe, sleeves e, in which slide thelocking-bolts j'. The ear-portions of the face-plates e have rectangularor elongated openings, z', through which pass the corespondingly-formedheads f1 of the sliding bolt of the other portion of the coupling, thetwo plates being fastened together by partially turning the bolts,(which the enlarged socket of the sleeve permits,) so that the lugs ofthe head will engage with the sides or shoulders of the opening, asclearly shown 1n the seci tional part of Fig. III. The bolts f areprovided with thumb-lcvers, g, or equivalent, for turning them, and witha pin, f2, projecting from each, which iits and slides'in an L orlongitudinal and transverse slot, m, in the sleeve.` The transverseportion of the slot is preferably made so as to incline away from thejoint of the coupling, so that, in'turning the bolt in locking the partstogether, the inclination ofthe slot will tend to draw the two faces ofthe coupling more irmly together.

It is evident that only two of the four bolts of the coupling arc in useat the same time, the other two being drawn back out of the way, asshown at the left in Fig. III.

The features of our improvements arc designed to furnish, at all times,an ample supply of pure air, which, entering the pipe at the very frontend of' the locomotive, must be entirely free ofthe dust, cinders, andsmoke which always contaminate, more or less, the air which enters thecars directly through the` windows or other apertures. i I Y Bymultiplying the branch-pipes the supply for every seat, or every twoseats, may be ventirely under the control ot its or their occupants,whocan, by means of the registers d', adapt the draught to their differentrequirements. Any person who has experienced the alternative ofbreathing the close and vitiated air-of a car, or of enduring theequally unpleasant draught of air, dust, and cinders, willfullyappreciate this feature of our invention. l .l

The arrangement shown for facilitating4 the withdrawal of the vitiate'dair consists of a vertical cylindrical case, H, on top of each coach, inwhich are arranged, on thcjsame shaft, a wind-wheel, I, andsuction-screw or fan, J, which is operated by the wind-wheel. I

The case H is pivoted in a step, as shown, or supported in some other.suitable way, so as to be capable of being turned by the vane Z,attached to cneside.

The side opposite the vane is left open, as shown, und is provided withtwo diverging wings, n n., to collect the wind, and direct it to thewheel, a suitable aperture for its escape being left on .the oppositeside, as shown at o, Fig.` VI.

Below the wind-wl1eel is arranged a floor or diaphragm,Y dividing thecase', below which is the compartment inwhich the screw revolves. Apassage, s, is'formed through the roof of the car, opening up into thebottom of this latterco'nlpartmeut, which passage is controlled by aregister, p. An aperture, g, is provided in the case, H, above thescrew, as an outlet for the vitiatcd air which is drawn up through thepassage s by the action of the screw.

By means ofthis arrangement, a draught through the passage s, of greateror less force, can always be produced, removing the vitiated and impureair from the car. with great facility. In coldweather, the opening canbe partially or entirely closed by the register p, as comfort or othercircumstances vmay require, while in summer, during the extreme hotweather, a constant current of pure fresh air can always be maintainedthroughA the car by means of this arrangement, combined with theonepreviously described, thereby promoting the com-- fort as well as thehealth of the passengers.

In addition to the advantages already enumerated, the employment of ourimprovements will be of great importance in protecting the clothes andpersons of passengers from themost disagreeable and deleterious effectsof dust andlamp-black.

This will notionly effect a great saving in the line of clothing, butwill also dispense with, to a great extent, the necessity of a change ingarments of a passenger, as he emerges from a car, before hefis in a fitplight to appear in polite society.

The inconvenience that will thus be avoided, all must appreciate. Whatwe claim as our invention is i 1. The coupling E,'when constructed andoperatingsubstantially in the manner shown und described. 2. '.lhepivoted case H, provided with wings n n and vane Z, in combination withthe wind-wheel I, screw or fand', and register p, the whole arranged andoperating substantially as and for thc purpose set forth.

3. The combination of the two devices, herein described, for supplyingpure air and withdrawing the impure air, from railroad-coaches,substantially as set forth.

"ROBT HENEAGE,

F. W. BREED.

Witnesses:v

JAY HYATT, V. H. Bncirnn.

